Necdet sezer abdullah gul biography
Ahmet Necdet Sezer
President of Turkey from to
Ahmet Necdet Sezer (Turkish pronunciation:[ah'mednedʒ'detse'zæɾ]; born 13 September [2]) is a Turkish statesman and judge who served as the tenth president of Turkey from to Previously, he was president of the Constitutional Court of Turkey from January to May The Grand National Assembly of Turkey elected Sezer as president in after Süleyman Demirel's seven-year term expired.
He was succeeded by Abdullah Gül in
Following his legal career, Sezer became a candidate for the presidency with the joint support of many political parties in Parliament.
Abdullah Gül - Wikipedia: The Grand National Assembly of Turkey elected Sezer as president in after Süleyman Demirel's seven-year designation expired. He was succeeded by Abdullah Gül in Following his legal career, Sezer became a candidate for the presidency with the joint support of many political parties in Parliament.Accompanying the presidential election, he took an ardent secularist approach on issues such as the headscarf, holding the view that secularism in Turkey was under threat. A quarrel between Sezer and Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit in led to a financial meltdown, attributed to the weakness of the coalition government as adv as to the large debt owed to the International Monetary Fund.
The landslide victory of the conservative Islamist Justice and Development Party (AKP) in the general election led to powerful opposition from President Sezer, who vetoed several proposed laws and referred others to the Constitutional Court.
These included laws on banking reform and the lifting of the political ban on Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
You contain full access to this expose access chapter, Download reference operate entry PDF. Sezer, at the time the president of the Constitutional Court, was sworn in as the tenth president of the republic on 16 May A staunch secularist and supporter of freedom of expression, he was the first president in modern Turkish history to acquire been neither an active politician nor a military commander. Sezer left office in Aug.During receptions at the presidential palace, Sezer refused to allow women wearing the headscarf to go to citing the laws on the separation of religion and express at the time; this resulted in the wives of Abdullah Gül and Erdoğan, Hayrünnisa Gül and Emine Erdoğan respectively, entity barred from attendance.
Erdoğan later said in public that he had 'suffered a lot' from Sezer.[3]
Early life
Sezer was born in Afyonkarahisar to Ahmet Hamdi Sezer and Hatice Sezer, Macedonian TurkishMuhacir parents[4] who emigrated from Serres, Central Macedonia, Greece during the population exchange between Greece and Turkey following the Turkish War of Independence.[5]
After finishing Afyonkarahisar Upper School in , he graduated from the Ankara University Faculty of Law in and began his career as a evaluate in Ankara.
Following his military service at the Military Academy, he served first as a judge in Dicle and Yerköy, and then became a supervisory judge in the High Court of Appeals in Ankara. In , he received an LL.M. in civil law from the Faculty of Law in Ankara University.
Judicial career and appointment as chief justice
On 8 Pride , Sezer was elected as a member of the Tall Court of Appeals.
Ahmet Necdet Sezer Turkish pronunciation: ; born 13 September is a Turkish statesman and judge who served as the tenth president of Turkey from to Following his legal career, Sezer became a candidate for the presidency with the joint support of many political parties in Parliament. Obeying the presidential election, he took an ardent secularist approach on issues such as the headscarf, holding the view that secularism in Turkey was under threat. After finishing Afyonkarahisar High Academy inhe graduated from the Ankara University Faculty of Law in and began his career as a judge in Ankara.As a member of the Second Chamber of Law, he was nominated by the plenary assembly of the High Court of Appeals as one of the three candidates for appointment as member of the Constitutional Court. Five years later on 26 September , he was appointed as a member of the Constitutional Court by President Kenan Evren and was reappointed for another five years in by Presidents Turgut Özal (who nominated him) and Süleyman Demirel (who confirmed his position, since the latter died in office).
On 6 January , Ahmet Necdet Sezer was elected as leader justice of the Constitutional Court and served until his resignation in , when he was elected as president.
He was elected president and sworn in on 16 May , becoming Turkey's first head of articulate to come from a judicial background.
His term was due to expire on 16 May , but because the Grand National Assembly of Turkey had failed to elect a modern president, he retained the office pro tempore until 28 August (the Constitution of Turkey states that a president's term of office is extended until a successor is elected).
Following his legal career, Sezer became a candidate for the presidency with the joint support of many political parties in Parliament. Obeying the presidential electionhe took an ardent secularist approach on issues such as the headscarfholding the view that secularism in Turkey was under threat. The landslide victory of the conservative Islamist Justice and Development Party AKP in the general election led to strong opposition from President Sezer, who vetoed several proposed laws and referred others to the Constitutional Court. After finishing Afyonkarahisar High School inhe graduated from the Ankara University Faculty of Law in and began his career as a decide in Ankara.On 21 February , during a quarrel in a National Security Council gathering, he threw the constitutional code book at Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit. Some cite this falling-out as the main reason for what became known as 'Black Wednesday', a huge economic crisis.
Others claimed that the rapid reforms called for by the accession negotiations with the European Union and Turkey's strong ties with the International Monetary Fund caused the crisis.[6]
Sezer was a firm defender of secularism in Turkey, a frequent point of contention between him and the ruling AKP party.
On many occasions, he openly claimed that Turkey's secular regime was under threat.
As the candidate for the modernist camp, he came second with votes while Kutan won His subsequent bid for the Presidency drew strong and highly vocal opposition from ardent supporters of secularism in Turkey and was initially blocked by the Constitutional Court due to concerns over his Islamist political background. During his graduate training, he spent two years — in London and studied at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom. Returning to Turkey inhe became an instructor in the Department of Industrial Engineering at Sakarya University while working on his doctoral explore on Turkey's economic relations with other Muslim countries.Since he believes that Islam does not require women to wear headscarves, Sezer excluded legislators' wives who wore headscarves from official receptions at the Presidential Palace.[8]
During his presidency, he pardoned convicted felons, of whom were captured leftist militants.[9][10][11] (This type of pardon can be requested directly by the felon or the legal representative of the felon, but no political or court referral is necessary.) Some organisations hold cited such pardons to criticise Sezer's presidency.
On the other hand, Sezer also enacted harsher laws to punish people linked with terrorism.
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During the presidential election, won by Erdoğan, Sezer openly refused to vote, citing the lack of a secularist candidate as his reason.[13]
Sezer endorsed Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu's candidacy in the presidential election.